{"id":16,"date":"2022-04-04T19:38:47","date_gmt":"2022-04-04T19:38:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/?page_id=16"},"modified":"2025-07-11T14:47:15","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T14:47:15","slug":"the-digging-is-the-least-thing-of-all","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/","title":{"rendered":"The Digging is the Least Thing of All"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"16\" class=\"elementor elementor-16\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aaf706e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aaf706e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"top\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9107789\" data-id=\"9107789\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-647c8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"647c8bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88b87a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"88b87a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-1024x234.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-397\" alt=\"&quot;The Digging is the Least Thing of All, Health &amp; Medicine at the Panama Canal&quot; exhibit title\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-1024x234.png 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-768x176.png 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-1536x351.png 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digTitle-scaled-e1747060654380-2048x468.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2add3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a2add3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31ef65f\" data-id=\"31ef65f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64780e6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"64780e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea83b98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea83b98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05a11c5\" data-id=\"05a11c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db809e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db809e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This online exhibit is based on the exhibit of the same name that was on display at the Albert H. Nahmad Panama Canal Gallery from March 26, 2022 to February 28, 2023. Unless otherwise noted, all items are from the Panama Canal Museum Collection, Special &amp; Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida.\u00a0<\/p><p>Curated by Elizabeth Bemis | Designed by Katiana Bagu\u00e9<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e7a151 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2e7a151\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b3f7a69 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b3f7a69\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b26b8a\" data-id=\"5b26b8a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-dbdc3e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dbdc3e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5eeff93\" data-id=\"5eeff93\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-184c3b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"184c3b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"184c3b5\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Udo J. Keppler Waiting, June 22,1904. Puck. 94500772. Library of Congress.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMS1QdWNrLU1hZ2F6aW5lLUNvdmVyX2NjLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjE4NGMzYjUifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"924\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-924x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A magazine cover with an illustration depicting the Grim Reaper hovering over the construction on the Panama Canal\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-33\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-924x1024.jpg 924w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-271x300.jpg 271w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-768x851.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-1386x1536.jpg 1386w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Puck-Magazine-Cover_cc-1848x2048.jpg 1848w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-33'>\n\t\t\t\tUdo J. Keppler\nWaiting, June 22,1904. Puck. 94500772. Library of Congress.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf66679 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf66679\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Udo J. Keppler,\u00a0<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/item\/94500772\/\"><i>Waiting<\/i><\/a>, June 22,1904. Puck. 94500772. Library of Congress.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f735bd\" data-id=\"0f735bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d829e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d829e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Over 235 million tons of rock and dirt were excavated to create the Panama Canal. Yet, John Stevens, the Chief Engineer of the project, saw sanitation efforts and workers&#8217; health as the greatest challenge when he remarked, &#8220;the digging is the least thing of all.&#8221; Shortly after arriving in Panama, Stevens turned over the money and workforce to Dr. William Gorgas, the Chief Sanitary Officer. The hope was that Gorgas could manage the environmental conditions that were making the project so deadly.<\/p><p>The tremendous public health infrastructure necessary before and during construction evolved into an equally monumental and vital system designed to protect the Canal\u2019s functioning and keep the people operating it safe from injury and disease. Individuals living at the Canal had typical healthcare needs, but they also faced unique and significant challenges brought on by their location at the crossroads of global trade. Community care, medical studies, vaccines, and quarantine were a part of their everyday life and work. As an important center of healthcare and research, the community participated in innovations and discoveries that improved their own lives as well as global health.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-832f197 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"832f197\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Malaria\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae2c092 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ae2c092\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b50efed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b50efed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a59f8e3\" data-id=\"a59f8e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08e7a0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08e7a0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Malaria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e9c676d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e9c676d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c592a96\" data-id=\"c592a96\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5952ee elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f5952ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4ad69a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c4ad69a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db60c29\" data-id=\"db60c29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7b0709 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7b0709\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>During construction, two of the most significant problems were malaria and yellow fever, infectious diseases that caused the deaths of thousands of workers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-efe4015 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"efe4015\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fd52a8\" data-id=\"6fd52a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a23a4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a23a4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Malaria was a far more significant obstacle than the other endemic diseases in Panama due to the level of chronic infection and the extended length of time that a person is contagious. Unlike yellow fever, which offers permanent immunity after infection, malaria can be contracted multiple times. To combat the prevalence of malaria during construction, workers were given daily doses of quinine, a malaria treatment since the 1600s. Have you ever traveled abroad and had to take anti-malaria medication?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e9e5c5\" data-id=\"9e9e5c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4ee331 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"c4ee331\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c4ee331\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Malaria Death Rate Among Employees, 1906-1942, 1942. 2011.53.30.2.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjYwLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMuZG9tYWlucy51ZmxpYi51ZmwuZWR1XC9UaGVEaWdnaW5nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wNVwvbWFsYXJpYWRlYXRoY2hhcnQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzRlZTMzMSJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"722\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart-1024x722.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A chart depicting the deaths of those affected by Malaria in the Panama Canal from 1906-1942\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart-1024x722.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/malariadeathchart.jpg 1198w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-260'>\n\t\t\t\tMalaria Death Rate Among Employees, 1906-1942, 1942.\n2011.53.30.2.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63ffe43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63ffe43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00011410\/00002\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Malaria Death Rate Among Employees<\/a>, 1906-1942<\/em>, 1942. 2011.53.30.2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cfc3583 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cfc3583\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7817bb1\" data-id=\"7817bb1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d10fb47 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d10fb47\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-964af53\" data-id=\"964af53\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c4d914 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"2c4d914\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"2c4d914\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Map of Areas Sanitated Against Malaria Mosquitos from Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929, 1928. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMS1NYXAtc2NhbGVkLWUxNjQ4MDQzODUxOTM5LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjJjNGQ5MTQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"824\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-824x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A map indicating which areas in Panama were sanitated against mosquitos from 1929\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-35\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-824x1024.jpg 824w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-241x300.jpg 241w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-768x955.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-1236x1536.jpg 1236w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939-1647x2048.jpg 1647w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C1-Map-scaled-e1648043851939.jpg 1760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 824px) 100vw, 824px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-35'>\n\t\t\t\tMap of Areas Sanitated Against Malaria Mosquitos from Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929, 1928. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55c6046 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55c6046\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>Map of Areas Sanitated Against Malaria Mosquitos from <a href=\"https:\/\/ufl-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01FALSC_UFL\/175ga98\/alma990301316240306597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929<\/a><\/i>, 1928. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ca11ac\" data-id=\"2ca11ac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb07316 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb07316\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To manage the communal ecosystem that existed between the U.S.-controlled Canal Zone and the Republic of Panama, the two countries signed a legal agreement granting the U.S. control and responsibility over sanitation in Col\u00f3n and Panama City. Significant U.S. sanitation efforts included paving roads, installing proper drainage, clearing and controlling flora, killing mosquitos, and draining or filling any standing water.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66df994 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66df994\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d5ebf79\" data-id=\"d5ebf79\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb181ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"bb181ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"YellowFever\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b3bc78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8b3bc78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3b135b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3b135b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cb85f1\" data-id=\"6cb85f1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aeaccfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aeaccfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yellow Fever<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a46cdc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a46cdc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b92c7e\" data-id=\"5b92c7e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e21f19c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e21f19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7e4abe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7e4abe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-378ec9d\" data-id=\"378ec9d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-57e4293 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57e4293\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff8b5e5\" data-id=\"ff8b5e5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3ee7ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3ee7ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 1886, Dr. Carlos J. Finlay, a Cuban physician, published his findings that the Aedes aegypti mosquito transmitted yellow fever. Based on Finlay\u2019s evidence, Gorgas and other researchers made progress combatting yellow fever in Cuba. Gorgas was then able to use this experience as a blueprint for Panama. Controlling the spread of yellow fever was critical for the success of U.S. construction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3932dd0\" data-id=\"3932dd0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-755a1c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"755a1c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-4' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"755a1c4\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Yellow Fever Pin, n.d. 2015.170.1.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTk2LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMuZG9tYWlucy51ZmxpYi51ZmwuZWR1XC9UaGVEaWdnaW5nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wNFwveWVsbG93LWZldmVyLXBpbi5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI3NTVhMWM0In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/yellow-fever-pin.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"630\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/yellow-fever-pin.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A yellow fever pin\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-4-196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/yellow-fever-pin.jpg 630w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/yellow-fever-pin-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/yellow-fever-pin-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-4-196'>\n\t\t\t\tYellow Fever Pin, n.d. 2015.170.1.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-256ddc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"256ddc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00031663\/00001\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Yellow Fever Pin<\/em><\/a>, n.d. 2015.170.1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e233bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e233bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-978df6f\" data-id=\"978df6f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8cc2f0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8cc2f0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce18209\" data-id=\"ce18209\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a9e118 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"8a9e118\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-5' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"8a9e118\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"W.A. Rogers The First Mountain to be Moved, 1905. Harper\u2019s Weekly. 2005.86.927.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9UaGVfRmlyc3RfTW91bnRhaW5fMDAxLXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI4YTllMTE4In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-683x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A magazine cover illustrating a mountain with a face labeled as &quot;Yellow Fever&quot; facing another mountain labeled as &quot;Panama.&quot; Two individuals stand at the foreground with one of them pointing at the Yellow Fever mountain.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-39\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-1366x2048.jpg 1366w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/The_First_Mountain_001-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-39'>\n\t\t\t\tW.A. Rogers\nThe First Mountain to be Moved, 1905. Harper\u2019s Weekly. 2005.86.927.\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6edcd6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6edcd6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>W.A. Rogers<\/strong>, <em>The First Mountain to be Moved<\/em>, 1905. Harper\u2019s Weekly. 2005.86.927.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d21dbb\" data-id=\"2d21dbb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5a8fb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5a8fb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\">During an 1873 Louisiana epidemic, yellow fever was often referred to as \u201cYellow Jack.\u201d The nickname came from the tradition of flying yellow flags in areas under quarantine, with \u201cJack\u201d being the common slang term for flag. This Harper\u2019s Weekly cover refers to yellow fever as, \u201cThe First Mountain to be Moved.\u201d It acknowledges the necessity of controlling the disease\u2019s impact in the area before construction could begin successfully. The two figures at the bottom of the image are Theodore Roosevelt and Uncle Sam.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea2645a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea2645a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d91ce1\" data-id=\"7d91ce1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7cc50d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d7cc50d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Patients with yellow fever were often placed in screened isolation rooms to avoid mosquitos and infecting additional people. In 1913, nurse Jessie Murdoch described how nurses had to swath themselves in bandages soaked in citronella oil because they were not protected by these same wire cages. In the 1920s and 1930s, a vaccine for yellow fever was created that helped stem the disease\u2019s deadly effect. To date, 500 million doses have been given worldwide.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f9746a\" data-id=\"4f9746a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ab9f2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"8ab9f2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-6' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"8ab9f2a\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Screening Method of Segregating Yellow Fever Patients, Hospital, Ancon, n.d. 1999.025.001.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9Jc29sYXRpb24tUm9vbS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI4YWI5ZjJhIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room-1024x638.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A patient laying on a bed in a yellow fever isolation room\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-6-41\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room-1024x638.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room-768x478.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Isolation-Room.jpg 1383w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-6-41'>\n\t\t\t\tScreening Method of Segregating Yellow Fever Patients, Hospital, Ancon, n.d. 1999.025.001.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5efd71f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5efd71f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/UF00097366\/00185\/images\/6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Screening Method of Segregating Yellow Fever Patients, Hospital, Ancon<\/em><\/a>, n.d. 1999.025.001.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0128603 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0128603\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86a4812\" data-id=\"86a4812\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1be2627 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1be2627\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>&#8220;During these days each employee provided himself with a small bottle containing kerosene and coconut oil, which was rubbed on the exposed parts of their bodies to keep away sandflies and mosquitos.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>Joseph Brewster, Barbados<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d089121 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"d089121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Construction\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-716c358 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"716c358\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8848c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3a8848c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Construction<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-48af36b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"48af36b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38010f7\" data-id=\"38010f7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-482afb0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"482afb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13f45b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13f45b2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fea8da0\" data-id=\"fea8da0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0385b6b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0385b6b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8320441\" data-id=\"8320441\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a24a28c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"a24a28c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-7' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a24a28c\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Personal Injury Reports January 11, 1906 - October 1, 1907.  \tRG 185, Box 1. National Archives.  \tImage courtesy of Dr. Caroline Lieffers.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMy1SZWNvcmQtb2YtUGVyc29uYWwtSW5qdXJ5X2NjX2Nyb3BwZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYTI0YTI4YyJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"832\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped-1024x832.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A table documenting the injuries of workers working for the construction of the Panama Canal\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-7-44\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped-1024x832.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped-768x624.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Record-of-Personal-Injury_cc_cropped.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-7-44'>\n\t\t\t\tPersonal Injury Reports January 11, 1906 &#8211; October 1, 1907. \n\tRG 185, Box 1. National Archives. \nImage courtesy of Dr. Caroline Lieffers.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7abb57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7abb57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Personal Injury Reports January 11, 1906 &#8211; October 1<\/em>, 1907. RG 185, Box 1. National Archives. Image courtesy of Dr. Caroline Lieffers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-43e9afe\" data-id=\"43e9afe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3abc3e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3abc3e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>After the challenges of sanitation were brought under control, the very difficult work of constructing the Canal commenced. Construction efforts were plagued by explosions, landslides, and other accidents that invariably resulted in mental distress, physical injury, loss of limbs, or death. The official death toll for the U.S. construction (1904-1914) is 5,609 although many historians believe that the actual number is much higher. If you include the French era of construction (1888-1889), the number of deaths is close to 30,000. This represents approximately 40% of the total workforce.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-380eea3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"380eea3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cad36df\" data-id=\"cad36df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b796a8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b796a8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>By 1912, the A.A. Marks Company had supplied over 200 artificial limbs for injuries related to U.S. Canal construction. They aggressively sought out business with the Isthmian Canal Commission (I.C.C.) and used incentives such as discounts, the creation of orders based on measurements instead of traditional plaster casts, and their proclaimed superior waterproof material. Sadly, those incentives did not always result in a positive outcome for the recipient of the limb, and many still suffered pain and limited mobility.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-882ab92 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"882ab92\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae00bd8\" data-id=\"ae00bd8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b2c302 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b2c302\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/AA-marks-e1649086395206.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Manual of Artificial Limbs, 1914. A.A Marks. RD756 M31 1914.Columbia University Libraries.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9BQS1tYXJrcy1lMTY0OTA4NjM5NTIwNi5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"936\" height=\"807\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/AA-marks-e1649086395206.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-42\" alt=\"A manual with images of laborers working on the Panama Canal construction and text highlighting their risk of injury as well as the use of artificial limbs\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/AA-marks-e1649086395206.jpg 936w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/AA-marks-e1649086395206-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/AA-marks-e1649086395206-768x662.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d1e7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61d1e7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/clio.columbia.edu\/catalog\/3926759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Manual of Artificial Limbs<\/i><\/a>, 1914. A.A Marks. RD756 M31 1914.Columbia University Libraries.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-739adbc\" data-id=\"739adbc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b69e839 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b69e839\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Ira E. Bennett History of the Panama Canal: Its Construction and Builders,\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTUwLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMuZG9tYWlucy51ZmxpYi51ZmwuZWR1XC9UaGVEaWdnaW5nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wM1wvQzMtQXJ0aWZpY2lhbC1MaW1iX2Nyb3BwZWRfcmVzaXplZC1zY2FsZWQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"888\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-1024x888.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-150\" alt=\"Laborers working with machinery at the Panama Canal\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-1024x888.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-768x666.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-1536x1332.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Artificial-Limb_cropped_resized-2048x1776.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3010f50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3010f50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Ira E. Bennet<\/b>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ufl-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01FALSC_UFL\/175ga98\/alma990200099870306597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>History of the Panama Canal: Its Construction and Builders<\/i><\/a>, 1915. 629 B471h.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30fa445 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"30fa445\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5b413e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d5b413e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-49e631d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49e631d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-09fb332\" data-id=\"09fb332\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36c0bc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"36c0bc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-8' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"36c0bc0\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Ernest Hallen (American, 1875-1947) Culebra Cut. Toe of Rock Slide, South End of Gold Hill, Showing Wreck of Steam Shovel #224, 1913. 2003.100.43.53.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMy1DdWxlYnJhLXdpdGgtTWFuY2Mtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxMTk0NjAyLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjM2YzBiYzAifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"829\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-1024x829.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An image of construction laborers in Culebra Cut. One of them is an amputee looking at the viewer.\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-8-45\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-1024x829.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-300x243.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-768x622.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-1536x1243.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C3-Culebra-with-Mancc-scaled-e1744121194602-2048x1658.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-8-45'>\n\t\t\t\tErnest Hallen (American, 1875-1947)\nCulebra Cut. Toe of Rock Slide, South End of Gold Hill, Showing Wreck of Steam Shovel #224, 1913. 2003.100.43.53.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c296d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c296d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ernest Hallen (American, 1875-1947),<\/strong> <em>Culebra Cut. Toe of Rock Slide, South End of Gold Hill, Showing Wreck of Steam Shovel #224<\/em>, 1913. 2003.100.43.53.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4fc6e7\" data-id=\"b4fc6e7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d75a4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d75a4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Many workers\u2019 injuries were severe enough that they were unable to continue with the physical labor of construction. Some of these workers were able to find other assignments, while others were repatriated to their home countries. A small group was sent to Corozal Farm, a facility designed for the long-term housing and low-wage employment of the disabled. The 600-acre farm included fruit trees, vegetables, animals, and a rose garden that supplied flowers to the commissaries. The farm also provided the Canal Zone hospital system with meat, eggs, and milk. The facility was intentionally separated from the main hospital to keep the residents out of sight. Their visible physical suffering did not coincide with the message of success that the U.S. was trying to promote through the Canal project.\u00a0<em>*Note the individual in the photo with a lost limb.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310d219 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"310d219\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Dynamite\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca52c7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ca52c7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-698a0d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"698a0d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b044afb\" data-id=\"b044afb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a64ca20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a64ca20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dynamite<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-166f804 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"166f804\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53bcceb\" data-id=\"53bcceb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355b3ea elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"355b3ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-597dec6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"597dec6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Over 60 million pounds of dynamite were used during the construction of the Canal. First, holes with a usual depth of 27 feet were drilled and filled with four to six sticks of dynamite. The sticks were then ignited to create a small chamber where up to 200 pounds of explosives were used to blast large areas of rock. This dynamite blast tube was excavated in the Culebra Cut decades after construction. It is unknown what part of the process caused the damage to this tube and if it was the result of one of the many accidents that occurred.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-492b34c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"492b34c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8e8204\" data-id=\"a8e8204\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-021a399 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"021a399\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c976866\" data-id=\"c976866\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-960a339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"960a339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The deadliest accident during construction of the Canal happened on December 12, 1908. A premature, 25-ton dynamite explosion in an area near the Culebra Cut known as Bas Obispo killed 26 men and wounded 49 others.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7889073\" data-id=\"7889073\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f210f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"4f210f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-9' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4f210f5\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Dynamite Blast in Culebra Cut, Empire, Canal Zone, 1904-1914. Fishbaugh. 2014.111.2.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9keW5hbWl0ZS1ibGFzdC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0ZjIxMGY1In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/dynamite-blast.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"758\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/dynamite-blast.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A dynamite blast in Culebra Cut\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-9-49\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/dynamite-blast.jpg 672w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/dynamite-blast-266x300.jpg 266w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-9-49'>\n\t\t\t\tDynamite Blast in Culebra Cut, Empire, Canal Zone, 1904-1914. Fishbaugh. 2014.111.2.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b407f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b407f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00026314\/00001\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Dynamite Blast in Culebra Cut, Empire, Canal Zone<\/em><\/a>, 1904-1914. Fishbaugh. 2014.111.2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f060b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f060b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7f1c79\" data-id=\"a7f1c79\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f8ed77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f8ed77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cIn 1908, 22 tons of dynamite was at Bas Obispo Cut and went off at 11:45a.m\u2026It was something terrible and awful to look at. The explosion was heard and smoke could be seen 3 miles away from where I was living in Matachin. The shock of the blast knocked offed glasses from table and shelves in many homes, and some fell to the floor in their homes.\u201d<\/em><\/p><p>Amos E. Clarke<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a92358 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a92358\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-334a9cf\" data-id=\"334a9cf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f462e3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f462e3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Hospitals\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51630ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"51630ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1282c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1282c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dcfbb7a\" data-id=\"dcfbb7a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-682c526 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"682c526\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hospitals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-822c16d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"822c16d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a665c2\" data-id=\"7a665c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a766562 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a766562\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b8726c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b8726c2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e13deac\" data-id=\"e13deac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-362e608 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"362e608\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-129ad69\" data-id=\"129ad69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0626257 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"0626257\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-10' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"0626257\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Ambulance, Ancon Hospital, 1903-1919. 2003.3.23.14. Gift of Joe Wood.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNS1BbWJ1bGFuY2UtY29sb3ItdmlueWwtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxMzExMTc2LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjA2MjYyNTcifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"751\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-1024x751.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A horse carriage ambulance traveling through the road\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-10-50\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-1024x751.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-768x563.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-1536x1127.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ambulance-color-vinyl-scaled-e1744121311176-2048x1502.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-10-50'>\n\t\t\t\tAmbulance, Ancon Hospital, 1903-1919. 2003.3.23.14. Gift of Joe Wood.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe01111 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe01111\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Ambulance, Ancon Hospital<\/em>, 1903-1919. 2003.3.23.14. Gift of Joe Wood.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-238360c\" data-id=\"238360c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c67ccb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c67ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The medical infrastructure established to support the Canal was extensive, and state-of-the-art facilities soon developed that served the employees of the Canal, the residents of the Canal Zone, the sailors and soldiers needing medical care as they passed through the waterway, and at times the residents of Panama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df62450 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df62450\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b09ea45\" data-id=\"b09ea45\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-60a3823 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60a3823\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d03a829\" data-id=\"d03a829\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429dbb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"429dbb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Originally built during the French construction era and previously known as Ancon Hospital, Gorgas Hospital was the paramount medical facility in the Canal Zone.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-24c9e39\" data-id=\"24c9e39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16ea5b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"16ea5b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-11' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"16ea5b3\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"C. Endara Ancon Hospital, 1903-1918. 2013.8. Gift of Dusty Graham and Ann Lafferty.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNS1BbmNvbi1Ib3NwaXRhbF9yZXNpemVkLXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIxNmVhNWIzIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"814\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-1024x814.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Essential workers at Ancon hospital standing outside of the hospital kitchen area\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-11-62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-1024x814.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-768x611.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-1536x1221.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Ancon-Hospital_resized-2048x1628.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-11-62'>\n\t\t\t\tC. Endara\nAncon Hospital, 1903-1918. 2013.8. Gift of Dusty Graham and Ann Lafferty.\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-182db80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"182db80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>C. Endara<\/strong><em>,\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00021943\/00001\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ancon Hospital<\/a><\/em>, 1903-1918. 2013.8. Gift of Dusty Graham and Ann Lafferty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a590078 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a590078\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62d2317\" data-id=\"62d2317\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a53c11b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a53c11b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d39fff3\" data-id=\"d39fff3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0a4bf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"e0a4bf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-12' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"e0a4bf6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Panama Canal Review, November 1, 1957.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNS1Hb3JnYXMtSG9zcGl0YWwtVHJhbnNmb3JtYXRpb25jYy1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiZTBhNGJmNiJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"671\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-1024x671.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An outside view of the front part of Gorgas Hospital\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-12-63\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-1536x1006.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Hospital-Transformationcc-2048x1341.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-12-63'>\n\t\t\t\tPanama Canal Review, November 1, 1957.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17a86de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17a86de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/UF00097366\/00185\/images\/11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Panama Canal Review<\/em><\/a>, November 1, 1957.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f9a8bd\" data-id=\"2f9a8bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6054640 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6054640\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From 1915 to 1919 new structures replaced the original wooden foundations, and in 1928 it was renamed. The hospital continued to grow, expanding with a new building to consolidate and elevate the level of care provided to the patients in 1965.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-affa69d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"affa69d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a88b4d7\" data-id=\"a88b4d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c33984b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c33984b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-46feecb\" data-id=\"46feecb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-373f0e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"373f0e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>As provided for in the Panama Canal Treaties of 1977 (Torrijos-Carter Treaties), Gorgas Hospital was transferred to the Department of Defense on October 1, 1979, and continued to serve the U.S. military and civilian communities in Panama until it was turned over to the Republic of Panama in 1999.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-858eba9\" data-id=\"858eba9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1105ceb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"1105ceb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-13' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1105ceb\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Gorgas Hospital, n.d. 2002.40.1.2. Ruth Diver Collection.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNS1Hb3JnYXMtUG9zdGNhcmQtc2NhbGVkLWUxNjQ4MjMwMTE1MzE5LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjExMDVjZWIifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"653\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-1024x653.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A postcard showing an aerial view of Gorgas Hospital\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-13-64\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-1024x653.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-768x490.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-1536x979.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C5-Gorgas-Postcard-scaled-e1648230115319-2048x1306.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-13-64'>\n\t\t\t\tGorgas Hospital, n.d. 2002.40.1.2. Ruth Diver Collection.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c2f1ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c2f1ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Gorgas Hospital<\/em>, n.d. 2002.40.1.2. Ruth Diver Collection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f5858b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f5858b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a864ca4\" data-id=\"a864ca4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-abcc7ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"abcc7ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-99894ed\" data-id=\"99894ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a61bde4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"a61bde4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-14' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a61bde4\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"I.C.C. Sanitarium, Taboga Island, Panama City, n.d. \t2011.2.37. Gift of Joanne Ackley.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNi1JQ0MtU2FuaXRhcml1bV9yZXNpemVkX2NjLWUxNjQ4MjMwNDEyMTk3LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImE2MWJkZTQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"647\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197-1024x647.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A postcard displaying the outside view of the ICC Sanitarium\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-14-65\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197-1024x647.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197-300x190.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197-768x485.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197-1536x971.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-ICC-Sanitarium_resized_cc-e1648230412197.jpg 1603w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-14-65'>\n\t\t\t\tI.C.C. Sanitarium, Taboga Island, Panama City, n.d.\n\t2011.2.37. Gift of Joanne Ackley.\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-868d322 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"868d322\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>I.C.C. Sanitarium, Taboga Island, Panama City<\/em>, n.d. 2011.2.37. Gift of Joanne Ackley.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d43b7f\" data-id=\"5d43b7f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b794fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b794fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>How long do you need to rest to recover from extended illnesses? Before the wide use of antibiotics, long periods of rest lasting weeks or even months were prescribed as treatment. For this purpose, sanitariums were built as places to recover in the late 19th and 20th century. The French built a sanitarium on Taboga island that was later used by the U.S. during construction for the recovery of their workers. In 1915, the facility became the Hotel Aspinwall, which served as a bellwether for the island\u2019s evolution into a popular leisure destination.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dbc47ed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dbc47ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa0d961\" data-id=\"aa0d961\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4694d45 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4694d45\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b149529\" data-id=\"b149529\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed28ab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed28ab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>As part of the sanitation agreement between the U.S and the Republic of Panama, the U.S. was required to provide a mental health facility for people in Panama and the Canal Zone. Established in 1915, Corozal Hospital shared its grounds with the Corozal Farm, a facility that housed individuals disabled by chronic disease or injury. There was a large garden and a dairy where patients worked to provide food and milk for the hospital system of the Canal Zone. Eventually the dairy was closed and the garden was downsized to personal plots used for occupational therapy. Other recreational programs included cooking, sewing, and making straw items to sell.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ecc2a7\" data-id=\"4ecc2a7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c42d7be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"c42d7be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-15' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42d7be\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Corozal Hospital From Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929, 1929. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929. 2002.008.029. Gift of Martha J. Anderson.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNi1Db3JvemFsLUhvc3BpdGFsY2Mtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxMzYyODcwLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImM0MmQ3YmUifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"657\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-1024x657.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Patients from Corozal Hospital participating in occupational therapy such as weaving and carpentry\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-15-66\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-1024x657.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-768x492.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-1536x985.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C6-Corozal-Hospitalcc-scaled-e1744121362870-2048x1313.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-15-66'>\n\t\t\t\tCorozal Hospital From Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929, 1929. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929.\n2002.008.029. Gift of Martha J. Anderson.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d73b83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d73b83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Corozal Hospital From Twenty-five Years of American Medical Activity on the Isthmus of Panama 1904-1929<\/em>, 1929. Panama Canal Press. RA 192.A6 1929. 2002.008.029. Gift of Martha J. Anderson.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5dc46e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5dc46e9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-adeb66a\" data-id=\"adeb66a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc0ecea elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"bc0ecea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"EssentialWorkers\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8156caa elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8156caa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2492aa1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2492aa1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be6d694\" data-id=\"be6d694\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4da8b6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4da8b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Essential Workers<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d56156e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d56156e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e0660e\" data-id=\"5e0660e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f412d78 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f412d78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3def4e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3def4e1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-080750f\" data-id=\"080750f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-43ae02a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43ae02a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc40d50\" data-id=\"fc40d50\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d5701e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"9d5701e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-16' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"9d5701e\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Letter of Employment to Anna L. Doolittle, June 21, 1907. \t2004.94.2.3. Gift of Martha Gibson.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjgsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9Eb29saXR0bGUwMDAwMWNjLXNjYWxlZC1lMTY0ODIzMDk3OTg0MS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI5ZDU3MDFlIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"777\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-777x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A letter of employment stating that Anna L. Doolittle was granted a job as a nurse under the Isthmian Canal Commission\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-16-68\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-777x1024.jpg 777w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-768x1012.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-1166x1536.jpg 1166w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841-1554x2048.jpg 1554w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Doolittle00001cc-scaled-e1648230979841.jpg 1889w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 777px) 100vw, 777px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-16-68'>\n\t\t\t\tLetter of Employment to Anna L. Doolittle, June 21, 1907.\n\t2004.94.2.3. Gift of Martha Gibson. \n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b638dab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b638dab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00018031\/00001\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Letter of Employment to Anna L. Doolittle<\/em><\/a>, June 21, 1907. 2004.94.2.3. Gift of Martha Gibson.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a6b065\" data-id=\"7a6b065\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b183fcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b183fcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nurse Mary Eugene Hibbard was the first woman to be hired to work in the Canal Zone. She came to the Isthmus in 1904 to serve as the Superintendent of Nurses at Ancon Hospital. Nursing jobs became important roles for women seeking the same type of opportunities as men, but who were barred from participation in the primary occupations of construction. Anna Doolittle followed in her footsteps in 1907 when she took a job working as a nurse in the Canal Zone.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ad7b58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ad7b58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4198d69\" data-id=\"4198d69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2c35213 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2c35213\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f2ffae8\" data-id=\"f2ffae8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29d5568 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29d5568\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At the age of 38, Adelaide Mackereth arrived in the Canal Zone in 1905 to serve as a nurse alongside many strong and adventurous women. She likely lived in a designated boarding house with other nurses, had a nighttime curfew of 10:30 pm, and entertained herself by playing card games, attending dances, and staging plays. How old were you when your curfew was 10:30 pm?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d3b585a\" data-id=\"d3b585a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e9d783 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"1e9d783\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-17' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1e9d783\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Adelaide P. Mackereth, n.d. 2004.46.4.1. Gift of  Martha Mackereth\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNy1OdXJzZS1NYWNrZXJldGgtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxNDAwMjc3LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjFlOWQ3ODMifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"587\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-1024x587.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Adelaide P. Mackereth standing outside wearing a white dress\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-17-69\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-1024x587.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-768x440.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-1536x881.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Nurse-Mackereth-scaled-e1744121400277-2048x1174.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-17-69'>\n\t\t\t\tAdelaide P. Mackereth, n.d. 2004.46.4.1. Gift of \nMartha Mackereth\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c8e957 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c8e957\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Adelaide P. Mackereth<\/em>, n.d. 2004.46.4.1. Gift of Martha Mackereth<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a97a6d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a97a6d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3025c42\" data-id=\"3025c42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-df6462d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df6462d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ae6643\" data-id=\"7ae6643\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccd60d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"ccd60d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-18' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"ccd60d0\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Guna Who Worked in the Kitchen of the Hospital,  March 22, 1935. II.2021.36.47. Gift of Brad Wilde.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DNy1HdW5hLXNjYWxlZC1lMTc0NDEyMTQ1NDY1My5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJjY2Q2MGQwIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-1024x583.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Men of the Guna community standing outside facing the viewer\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-18-70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-1024x583.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-768x438.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-1536x875.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C7-Guna-scaled-e1744121454653-2048x1167.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-18-70'>\n\t\t\t\tGuna Who Worked in the Kitchen of the Hospital, \nMarch 22, 1935. II.2021.36.47. Gift of Brad Wilde.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e74094 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e74094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Guna Who Worked in the Kitchen of the Hospital<\/em>, March 22, 1935. II.2021.36.47. Gift of Brad Wilde.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-491bbf5\" data-id=\"491bbf5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bffc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8bffc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Men of the Guna, one of the indigenous communities in the Republic of Panama, came to work in the Canal Zone, many times in kitchens or on military bases. The back of the photo includes a description that describes the men. Guna is now the preferred term rather than San Blas Indians: \u201cIn front of administration building of Hospital, a few of the San Blast Indians who help do our kitchen work for us. They live here all time &amp; doesn\u2019t cost them any thing. The second from the right has traveled all over the states &amp; also married an American girl but does not live together she can not stand the heat. His uncle is chief of all San Blast Indians, They have a little country of their own down in the interior.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bcb507 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bcb507\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c21c50\" data-id=\"8c21c50\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7e474b elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"a7e474b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"PaloSeco\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89808b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"89808b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b680788 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b680788\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05deb64\" data-id=\"05deb64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87fdb2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87fdb2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Palo Seco<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3761ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d3761ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44f36a3\" data-id=\"44f36a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaf3fb4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"aaf3fb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1a84e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1a84e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03ea2be\" data-id=\"03ea2be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b583c64 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b583c64\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f8c7b1\" data-id=\"7f8c7b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8852edf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8852edf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Another requirement of the sanitation agreement between the U.S. and the Republic of Panama was that the U.S. maintain a facility to house and treat individuals with Hansen\u2019s Disease, which was commonly known as Leprosy. These facilities, historically termed Leprosariums, Leper Asylums, or Leper Colonies, were created to segregate their residents from society. Palo Seco was a 500-acre complex about five miles away from Panama City that opened in 1907. Although a 1940s medical breakthrough allowed for Hansen\u2019s disease to be treated through outpatient care, many residents chose to remain in the communities that had been their homes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5ea378\" data-id=\"b5ea378\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e1d986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"3e1d986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-19' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"3e1d986\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Palo Seco, n.d. II.2022.5.1. Gift of Heywood Garlington.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DOC1QYWxvLVNlY28tUG9zdGNhcmQtc2NhbGVkLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjNlMWQ5ODYifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"604\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-1024x604.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A postcard displaying the outside view of Palo Seco\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-19-71\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-1024x604.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-768x453.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-1536x906.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C8-Palo-Seco-Postcard-2048x1208.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-19-71'>\n\t\t\t\tPalo Seco, n.d.\nII.2022.5.1. Gift of Heywood Garlington.\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc11a15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc11a15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Palo Seco<\/em>, n.d. II.2022.5.1. Gift of Heywood Garlington.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36159c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36159c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-928170e\" data-id=\"928170e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-791728e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"791728e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f3e9eb\" data-id=\"8f3e9eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-018d43e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"018d43e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-20' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"018d43e\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Ernest Hallen (American, 1875-1947) Patient Cultivating His Garden, July, 1916.  2008.18.1.26. Gift of Emily Murphy.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9QYWxvLVNlY28tSGFsbGVuLUltYWdlX2xldmVscy1hZGp1c3RlbWVudC1zY2FsZWQtZTE3NDQxMjE1MDAzNjYuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMDE4ZDQzZSJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-1024x853.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A patient from Palo Seco working outside in a garden\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-20-72\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-1024x853.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-300x250.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-768x640.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-1536x1279.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Palo-Seco-Hallen-Image_levels-adjustement-scaled-e1744121500366-2048x1706.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-20-72'>\n\t\t\t\tErnest Hallen (American, 1875-1947)\nPatient Cultivating His Garden, July, 1916. \n2008.18.1.26. Gift of Emily Murphy.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b7b662 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b7b662\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ernest Hallen (American, 1875-1947)<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/PCMI004439\/00001\/images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Patient Cultivating His Garden<\/em><\/a>, July, 1916. 2008.18.1.26. Gift of Emily Murphy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5318a4c\" data-id=\"5318a4c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38b588a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38b588a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Palo Seco was built to resemble a small village and efforts were made to provide occupational therapy for the residents, such as carpentry, gardening, and raising chickens. Other common activities included hunting, fishing, and baseball.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ef74e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ef74e9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cfc358d\" data-id=\"cfc358d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71e9633 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71e9633\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Starting in 1919, Palo Seco had its own exclusive currency. Reasons for this included: fear of the contamination of other circulating currencies, to stop residents from buying prohibited articles outside of the facility such as alcohol, and to deter people from leaving. The coin sizes and denominations match that of standard U.S. currency. Some residents who suffered a loss of function in their hands due to the disease used the hole in the center of the coin to tie it onto a string so that it was easier to handle. The special currency was used at Palo Seco until 1952 when it was withdrawn from circulation due to the recognition that leprosy required prolonged exposure to be communicable and because the treatment had greatly improved.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d6f15c\" data-id=\"3d6f15c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-037a3a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"037a3a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-21' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"037a3a3\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Five Cent Coin from Palo Seco, 1919-1952. \tII.2020.1.10. Gift of Brad Wilde.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjYyLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMuZG9tYWlucy51ZmxpYi51ZmwuZWR1XC9UaGVEaWdnaW5nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wNVwvY29pbi1ibGFjay1iYWNrZ3JvdW5kLTIuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMDM3YTNhMyJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"697\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2-1024x697.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A coin with an open square center and with engraved text that reads &quot;Palo Seco, Canal Zone&quot;\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-21-262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2-1024x697.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2-768x523.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/coin-black-background-2.jpg 1039w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-21-262'>\n\t\t\t\tFive Cent Coin from Palo Seco, 1919-1952. \tII.2020.1.10. Gift of Brad Wilde.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-086882b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"086882b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Five Cent Coin from Palo Seco<\/em>, 1919-1952. II.2020.1.10. Gift of Brad Wilde. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dcbe927 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dcbe927\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b911621\" data-id=\"b911621\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c8bce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28c8bce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dr. Ezra Hurwitz arrived at Palo Seco in 1927 as the first resident doctor. Dr. Hurwitz and his wife, Aida de Castro de Hurwitz, were beloved by the residents and made significant enhancements to their quality of life. They encouraged the residents to have jobs and an enhanced social life that included Carnival celebrations, dances, and movie screenings. Outside visitors were allowed at Palo Seco for the first time under Hurwitz\u2019s leadership. Over the decades, these visitors included loved ones, social clubs, and a Vice-Presidential First Lady.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-588df97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"588df97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-22' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"588df97\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Victor Race \u201cDeath Before Death\u201d, September 29, 1945. Liberty Magazine. II.2022.4.1\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9EZWF0aF9CZWZvcmVfRGVhdGhfMDAxLWUxNjQ4MjMyOTE2NTE0LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjU4OGRmOTcifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"670\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514-1024x670.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A magazine spread from Liberty Magazine displaying images and text related to life and activities at Palo Seco, including the arrival of Dr. Ezra Hurwitz\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-22-75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514-1024x670.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514-768x502.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Death_Before_Death_001-e1648232916514.jpg 1188w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-22-75'>\n\t\t\t\tVictor Race\n\u201cDeath Before Death\u201d, September 29, 1945.\nLiberty Magazine. II.2022.4.1\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8c00cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8c00cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Victor Race<\/strong>, <em>Death Before Death<\/em>, September 29, 1945. Liberty Magazine. II.2022.4.1<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d182a4d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d182a4d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-971b01c\" data-id=\"971b01c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb5325e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb5325e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cThe Leper Colony at Palo Seco, was devoid of children. As soon as a child was born\u2026it was taken to their family in Panama and not permitted to return so that the child did not get leprosy\u2026If I took her [Carolyn] to work, I originally took our daughter with us. And we did that purposefully because Carolyn said, you know, the real crime here is that they are so devoid of children, and they so love children. So, every time I picked up Carolyn, I took Beth with me in the car so that they could see a child. That sounds like\u2026nothingness, but they were just, they swarmed around the car just to see. And they were so, giving. And they just wanted\u2026they asked Carolyn if I would bring our daughter next time I came\u2026after the first time I did it. And so, we made that kind of a routine.\u201d<\/em><\/p><p>Dick Atkinson<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a412ea2 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a412ea2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00087670\/00001\/audios\/0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dick Atkinson's Full Oral History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11a8cd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"11a8cd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"FillingGaps\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-181a085 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"181a085\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d27ab64 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d27ab64\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ebc4458\" data-id=\"ebc4458\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3578ffd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3578ffd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Filling in the Gaps<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc629e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc629e8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ffeddb\" data-id=\"0ffeddb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67d7721 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"67d7721\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d8d26b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d8d26b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e53bbd9\" data-id=\"e53bbd9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-753b73d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"753b73d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-45d4942\" data-id=\"45d4942\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4117411 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4117411\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Although Canal Zone healthcare grew to gain a reputation of international respect, there were still gaps in the official system. Community volunteers, women\u2019s social clubs, and other organizations became essential parts of the structure. For example, the Gray Ladies, a volunteer branch of the Red Cross, provided non-medical services to patients such as recreational or occupational therapy activities, interpretation, letter writing, food service, and book distribution. The first Canal Zone Gray Ladies group was established during World War II, and continued to be a vital part of the health care system. In 1962, the Canal Zone group hosted the first-ever Gray Ladies training course in Spanish, providing training for 22 representatives from six different countries. Those representatives returned to their home countries and began their own programs, promoting the Gray Ladies across Central America.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc680fc\" data-id=\"cc680fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef08169 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"ef08169\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-23' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"ef08169\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Panama Canal Review, March 2, 1962.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTAtTGFkaWVzLWluLUdyZXlfcmVzaXplZC1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiZWYwODE2OSJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"915\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-1024x915.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Gray Ladies in a hospital playroom helping children\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-23-76\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-1024x915.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-300x268.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-768x686.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-1536x1373.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Ladies-in-Grey_resized-2048x1830.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-23-76'>\n\t\t\t\tPanama Canal Review, March 2, 1962.\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a359409 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a359409\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/UF00097366\/00066\/images\/13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Panama Canal Review<\/em><\/a>, March 2, 1962.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41e212c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"41e212c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbb45d5\" data-id=\"fbb45d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-aed1836 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aed1836\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d44268\" data-id=\"3d44268\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76abe59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"76abe59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-24' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"76abe59\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Cristobal Women\u2019s Club Free Clinic in Colon, 1921. 100996974. National Archives.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTAtQ2xpbmljLWluLUNvbG9uX3Jlc2l6ZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNzZhYmU1OSJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"846\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized-1024x846.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"People waiting outside of the Cristobal Women\u2019s Club Free Clinic in Colon\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-24-77\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized-1024x846.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized-300x248.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized-768x634.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Clinic-in-Colon_resized.jpg 1046w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-24-77'>\n\t\t\t\tCristobal Women\u2019s Club Free Clinic in Colon, 1921.\n100996974. National Archives.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bfa79d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bfa79d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Cristobal Women\u2019s Club Free Clinic in Colon<\/em>, 1921. 100996974. National Archives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-15ebd1e\" data-id=\"15ebd1e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-361782b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"361782b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Women\u2019s clubs were introduced to the Canal Zone as a government directive to improve women\u2019s quality of life and mental health. The Cristobal Woman\u2019s Club, established in 1907, was the first and most longstanding of the seven that were eventually created. Philanthropy and charitable works were a primary directive of the Club, and their many significant contributions included a free medical clinic created in 1921 for the people of Col\u00f3n, Republic of Panama. The clinic served that community for over 20 years.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0865811 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0865811\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a444bbc\" data-id=\"a444bbc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2cb6e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c2cb6e1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f823fe\" data-id=\"7f823fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f9a1e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f9a1e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Members of the U.S. military served as emergency blood donors for Santo Tom\u00e1s Hospital in Panama City and Amador Guerrero Hospital in Col\u00f3n. Some soldiers flew as far as David, Chitr\u00e9, and Chorrera to deliver blood. One commented, \u201cThe Boquete area is wonderful. I\u2019d donate a quart of blood to get to visit again\u201d. The commanding officer worked with the local Panamanian program, Dar al Desvalido, to help bring awareness of the need for adequate blood supplies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3299d94\" data-id=\"3299d94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-272e86a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"272e86a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-25' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"272e86a\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"U.S. Army Photograph, Operation Friendship, 1960-1961. 2014.131.1.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTAtQmxvb2QtQmFua19yZXNpemVkX2NjLXNjYWxlZC1lMTc0NDEyMTcxNDcwNS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIyNzJlODZhIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"698\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-1024x698.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A group of U.S. Army soldiers standing and crouching under a sign that reads &quot;DAD, Dar Al Desvalido, Banco de Sangre, Blood Bank&quot;\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-25-81\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-1024x698.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-768x524.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-1536x1047.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C10-Blood-Bank_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121714705-2048x1397.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-25-81'>\n\t\t\t\tU.S. Army Photograph, Operation Friendship, 1960-1961.\n2014.131.1.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5169c0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5169c0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>U.S. Army Photograph, Operation Friendship<\/em>, 1960-1961. 2014.131.1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6fd5fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"b6fd5fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"CommunityCare\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49c0540 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"49c0540\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-05c223a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"05c223a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b1166c\" data-id=\"9b1166c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53f185d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53f185d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Community Care<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cd71514 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cd71514\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-032faf7\" data-id=\"032faf7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-812bb86 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"812bb86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d888c9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d888c9d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36fd4a6\" data-id=\"36fd4a6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101cf97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"101cf97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In addition to the larger hospitals, the community and environment surrounding and supporting the Canal required various kinds of ongoing care. Those needs were filled by different resources and individuals including dispensaries, nurses\u2019 aid stations, occupational health training, well-baby clinics, home visits, and school nurses.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ec4bf2a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ec4bf2a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df80f09\" data-id=\"df80f09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b788185 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b788185\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6749412\" data-id=\"6749412\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b807fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"8b807fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-26' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"8b807fb\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Dispensary, Canal Zone, 1946. II.2021.63.1. Gift of Mary Twickler Mann.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTEtRGlzcGVuc2FyeV9jY19iZC1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiOGI4MDdmYiJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"619\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-1024x619.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An outside view of a dispensary in the Canal Zone\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-26-82\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-1024x619.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-768x464.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-1536x929.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Dispensary_cc_bd-2048x1238.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-26-82'>\n\t\t\t\tDispensary, Canal Zone, 1946.\nII.2021.63.1. Gift of Mary Twickler Mann.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c2aa29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c2aa29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Dispensary, Canal Zone<\/em>, 1946. II.2021.63.1. Gift of Mary Twickler Mann.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-28dc45e\" data-id=\"28dc45e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e1fcbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e1fcbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cOn the Canal Zone, we went to the dispensary\u2026Every town had a dispensary\u2026and if you got worse, they would take you to Gorgas Hospital. That was our way\u2026They were run by American doctors\u2026We the Silver went to a section, and the Gold went to their section.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>Adica Moore<\/p><p>\u00a0The Silver and Gold sections mentioned in this oral history refer to the segregated medical system that existed in the Canal Zone during much of the 20th century.\u00a0<br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369dd62 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"369dd62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00081353\/00001\/audios\/0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Adica Moore's Full Oral History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf522c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf522c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3651239\" data-id=\"3651239\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae36a78 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae36a78\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0014cc0\" data-id=\"0014cc0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7c016d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7c016d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cGatun Health Center was located right by Gatun Locks, and it took care of well-babies in the area\u2026and also injuries from the locks. So, it was kind of an interesting job. It was [a] well-baby clinic and occupational health\u2026they had a big U.S. military base called Fort Davis which was nearby, and there were a lot of military families, childbearing age, and so we had a lot of newborns. And we had a regular schedule for immunizations and physicians\u2019 visits \u2026And then we\u2019d get injuries from the locks or people\u2026involved with work injuries.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>Karen Coffey<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2ad2d4 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e2ad2d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ufdc.ufl.edu\/AA00087681\/00001\/audios\/0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Karen Coffey's Full Oral History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-563f4a3\" data-id=\"563f4a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70adbb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"70adbb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-27' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"70adbb3\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Panama Canal Review, May 1966.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTEtUENSLU9jY3VwYXRpb25hbC1CYWJ5LUhlYWx0aF9yZXNpemVkLXNjYWxlZC1lMTY0ODIzNjE0MjE0Ni5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI3MGFkYmIzIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-724x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A page from the May 1966 Panama Canal Review with images showing a nurse checking the heartbeat of a baby and another nurse tending an injury of a Canal Zone worker\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-27-83\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-1087x1536.jpg 1087w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146-1449x2048.jpg 1449w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-PCR-Occupational-Baby-Health_resized-scaled-e1648236142146.jpg 1811w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-27-83'>\n\t\t\t\tPanama Canal Review, May 1966.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99b6ca0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99b6ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Panama Canal Review<\/em>, May 1966.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d99f1b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d99f1b0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-32990eb\" data-id=\"32990eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1366fe6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1366fe6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ec269f\" data-id=\"5ec269f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a25a6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"9a25a6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-28' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"9a25a6d\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Panama Canal Review, May, 1961.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTEtTmVsbHktSWJhcnJhX2NjLXNjYWxlZC1lMTY0ODIzNjMwNDgxMS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI5YTI1YTZkIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"812\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-1024x812.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Nurse Nelly Blackman Ibarra checking the blood of a retiree in her office\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-28-84\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-1024x812.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-768x609.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-1536x1218.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C11-Nelly-Ibarra_cc-scaled-e1648236304811-2048x1624.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-28-84'>\n\t\t\t\tPanama Canal Review, May, 1961.\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-693df54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"693df54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Panama Canal Review, Nelly Blackman Ibarra checks the blood pressure of an aged retiree during a visit in her office<\/em>, May 1961.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a24508a\" data-id=\"a24508a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73b1597 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73b1597\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 1960 a program was created to provide medical care for retired, non-U.S. citizens who had worked for the Canal. A small group of five nurses, including Nelly Blackman Ibarra (pictured on the left), traveled through the Republic of Panama conducting home visits to these elderly and ailing patients. They arranged for medications and doctors\u2019 visits when necessary.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-958d10c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"958d10c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0f56c5\" data-id=\"b0f56c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19858ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19858ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cWe found these patients in the most terrible way there was, there were many cases in which I would burst into tears, I had to leave them and go outside\u2026because I couldn\u2019t think that there were human beings who could live in those conditions\u2026The Panamanian police helped me to get into the barrios\u2026which were difficult to enter\u2026I had to make a decision: either let the patient die and risk myself by going there, or remove them from that environment so that they would at least be clean, with food and medicine in time\u2026[They] are human beings and must be treated with humanity.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>Nelly Blackman Ibarra<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4157097 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4157097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ufdc.ufl.edu\/AA00081817\/00001\/videos\/0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Nelly Blackman Ibarra's Full Oral History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1110e8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1110e8f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6894ce2\" data-id=\"6894ce2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86bc558 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"86bc558\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"HealthCrossroads\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b1404a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5b1404a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aafb4fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aafb4fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0542014\" data-id=\"0542014\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11b89a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11b89a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Health at the Crossroads<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-390c8df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"390c8df\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cde5d01\" data-id=\"cde5d01\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44b5790 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"44b5790\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d8b868 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d8b868\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e139647\" data-id=\"e139647\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-74dbd3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74dbd3f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-046f713\" data-id=\"046f713\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c4aa84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c4aa84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Panama Canal is a global crossroads for international trade and commerce. Although it puts the people of Panama and the Canal Zone in a place of tremendous importance, it also puts them at risk to diseases coming from all over the world. They experienced cases of tuberculosis, plague, cholera, influenza, and smallpox. The smallpox vaccine, and the occasional booster, were required in all areas controlled by the Health Department of the Panama Canal Company in order to eliminate or limit the transmission and spread of smallpox within the community. The Canal Zone was first in the western hemisphere to report a case of the 1968 influenza epidemic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cb9fefc\" data-id=\"cb9fefc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45798c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"45798c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-29' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"45798c2\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Small Pox Vaccine Card, 1955. 2002.152.54.2. Gift of Alice McGann.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTItU21hbGxwb3gtVmFjY2luZS1DYXJkLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjQ1Nzk4YzIifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card-1024x600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A smallpox vaccine card from 1955\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-29-85\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card-1024x600.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card-300x176.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card-768x450.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card-1536x899.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C12-Smallpox-Vaccine-Card.jpg 1631w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-29-85'>\n\t\t\t\tSmall Pox Vaccine Card, 1955.\n2002.152.54.2. Gift of Alice McGann.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1fe453 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1fe453\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Small Pox Vaccine Card<\/em>, 1955. 2002.152.54.2. Gift of Alice McGann.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-78facd1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"78facd1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a2ae68\" data-id=\"4a2ae68\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4e264f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4e264f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u201cI also participated during the vaccine for polio\u2026we did it in the gymnasium. I think it was for maybe about a week that we did that mass vaccination, and we either assisted our parents and members in the community with completing the forms or you were assigned to filling out the trays\u2026because I was a candy striper I was able to actually put the sugar cube on the trays and gave them to the nurses.\u201d<\/em><\/p><p>Eleanor Millett<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-282d5b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"282d5b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-30' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"282d5b3\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Panama Canal Review, May 1963.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjc3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMuZG9tYWlucy51ZmxpYi51ZmwuZWR1XC9UaGVEaWdnaW5nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wNVwvUGFuYW1hX0NhbmFsX1Jldmlld18wMDItc2NhbGVkLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjI4MmQ1YjMifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-1024x440.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Junior Red Cross Voulteens standing together while on duty at Ancon\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-30-277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-1024x440.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-768x330.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-1536x660.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Panama_Canal_Review_002-2048x880.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-30-277'>\n\t\t\t\tPanama Canal Review, May 1963.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5de6fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b5de6fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/UF00097366\/00073\/images\/12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Panama Canal Review<\/em><\/a>, May 1963.<\/p>\n<p>Junior Red Cross Volunteens while on duty at the Santa Cruz gymnasium and at Ancon during a polio vaccine distribution. Pictured starting on the left are Margaret Thorne, Dale Davy, Sidney Dyer, Margarite George, Carl Sainten, Stanicia Jones, Ancelmo Cummings, Eleanor Millet, Dami\u00e1n Albeo, Victor Joshua, George Brown, Yolanda Evelyn, Carol Grazette and Antonio Cooper.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bec385e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bec385e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-999eca5\" data-id=\"999eca5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1ff3ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1ff3ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fbcb87\" data-id=\"7fbcb87\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bc51e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0bc51e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was a significant problem at the Canal. Two contributing factors were the legal prostitution industry in Panama and the significant transient population associated with the Canal. The majority of customers were U.S. military personnel and this dynamic caused tension between Panama and the U.S.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-04cf7fa\" data-id=\"04cf7fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b55d76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"8b55d76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-31' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"8b55d76\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Report of the Health Department of the Panama Canal, 1947.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTMtUmVwb3J0X3Jlc2l6ZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiOGI1NWQ3NiJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"990\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-1024x990.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A report with data of the number of STD cases in the Republic of Panama\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-31-87\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-1024x990.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-768x742.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-1536x1485.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Report_resized-2048x1980.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-31-87'>\n\t\t\t\tReport of the Health Department of the Panama Canal, 1947.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7f1af0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7f1af0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/AA00006092\/00018\/images\/34\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Report of the Health Department of the Panama Cana<\/em>l<\/a>, 1947.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c0e7b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c0e7b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4e6943\" data-id=\"f4e6943\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5dc26 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5dc26\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd9fa00\" data-id=\"cd9fa00\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2ab1b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"e2ab1b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-32' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"e2ab1b6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Sailors on Shore Leave, Panama, n.d. II.2019.7.17.60. Gift of Brad Wilde.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODgsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTMtU2FpbG9ycy0yMDE5MDcxN18wMDYwX3Jlc2l6ZWRfY2Mtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxNTYyNzk1LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImUyYWIxYjYifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"616\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-1024x616.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An outside view of city buildings and a street in Panama with several sailors\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-32-88\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-1024x616.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-1536x924.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C13-Sailors-20190717_0060_resized_cc-scaled-e1744121562795-2048x1232.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-32-88'>\n\t\t\t\tSailors on Shore Leave, Panama, n.d.\nII.2019.7.17.60. Gift of Brad Wilde.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-031eb65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"031eb65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Sailors on Shore Leave, Panama<\/em>, n.d. II.2019.7.17.60. Gift of Brad Wilde.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-519eef5\" data-id=\"519eef5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08fe23a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08fe23a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The U.S. staged aggressive campaigns against sex workers which included deporting prostitutes from other countries, extended quarantine and treatment requirements (as much as 6 months), and establishing red-light districts.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e5f4981 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e5f4981\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2ff2a5\" data-id=\"a2ff2a5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b30e002 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b30e002\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cf6a4d\" data-id=\"1cf6a4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-401b974 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"401b974\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This flyer from 1923 demonstrates the government\u2019s efforts to standardize the idea that all women involved in sex work were disease-ridden. It, alongside the Report of the Health Department of the Panama Canal in 1947, places fault squarely at the feet of the women, relieving the men of responsibility.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-59e274f\" data-id=\"59e274f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f77b1b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"f77b1b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-33' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"f77b1b7\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"U.S. Government Flyer, 1923. \t2000.035.024. Gift of Richard Williams.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9QQ01JMDAzNDUzLXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJmNzdiMWI3In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"786\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-786x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A U.S. government flyer addressed to navy sailors that aggressively blames sex workers of the dangers of STDs\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-33-67\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-786x1024.jpg 786w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-230x300.jpg 230w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-768x1000.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-1180x1536.jpg 1180w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-1573x2048.jpg 1573w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/PCMI003453-scaled.jpg 1966w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-33-67'>\n\t\t\t\tU.S. Government Flyer, 1923.\n\t2000.035.024. Gift of Richard Williams.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0f4d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0f4d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ufdc.ufl.edu\/PCMI003453\/00001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>U.S. Government Flyer<\/em><\/a>, 1923. 2000.035.024. Gift of Richard Williams.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8582db elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8582db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d7cd5a\" data-id=\"2d7cd5a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70e4c2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"70e4c2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Quarantine\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b8588b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5b8588b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d44e7a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d44e7a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c001837\" data-id=\"c001837\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fa317e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4fa317e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quarantine<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a09be3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a09be3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-914c63c\" data-id=\"914c63c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffae7df elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"ffae7df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2716b0c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2716b0c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38beccf\" data-id=\"38beccf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-84e4bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"84e4bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4f8d59\" data-id=\"a4f8d59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dbaa58 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"7dbaa58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-34' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"7dbaa58\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Admeasures Handbook, n.d. 1999.024.047.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9hZG1lc2F1cmVzLXBnMS1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiN2RiYWE1OCJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"865\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-865x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Text with questions regarding proper quarantine of ships and cargo and\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-34-89\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-865x1024.jpg 865w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-768x909.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-1297x1536.jpg 1297w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg1-1730x2048.jpg 1730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-34-89'>\n\t\t\t\tAdmeasures Handbook, n.d.\n1999.024.047.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"7dbaa58\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Admeasures Handbook, n.d. 1999.024.047.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6OTAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9hZG1lc2F1cmVzLXBnMi1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiN2RiYWE1OCJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"863\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-863x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Text with questions regarding proper quarantine of ships and cargo\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-34-90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-863x1024.jpg 863w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-768x911.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-1295x1536.jpg 1295w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/admesaures-pg2-1727x2048.jpg 1727w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 863px) 100vw, 863px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-34-90'>\n\t\t\t\tAdmeasures Handbook, n.d. 1999.024.047.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb8bb8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb8bb8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dloc.com\/PCMI012706\/00001\/images\/120\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Admeasures Handbook<\/em><\/a>, n.d. 1999.024.047.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d1962a\" data-id=\"0d1962a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f86835a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f86835a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Canal Zone Quarantine stations had the capacity to house and feed 500 people. Facilities were maintained on both the Atlantic and Pacific sides of the Canal. Boarding officers inspected incoming ships to prevent the entry and spread of human communicable diseases and animal diseases of concern.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a9427c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a9427c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b35c57\" data-id=\"7b35c57\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8b61305 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8b61305\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d478657\" data-id=\"d478657\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5385d3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5385d3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fumigating containers or whole ships were sometimes necessary to keep the Canal, the residents, and international commerce safe. These quarantine efforts had a global impact because any ship leaving the Canal would be free of people or animals with a quarantinable disease.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-24dc193\" data-id=\"24dc193\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2040943 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"2040943\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-35' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"2040943\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Quarantine-Immigration Office, Cristobal, Canal Zone, 1948. \t202800107. National Archives.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6OTEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTQtUXVhcmFudGluZS1PZmZpY2VfY2Mtc2NhbGVkLWUxNzQ0MTIxNjExNjA5LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjIwNDA5NDMifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-1024x780.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An outside view of the Quarantine-Immigration Office in Cristobal in the Canal Zone\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-35-91\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-1024x780.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-768x585.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-1536x1170.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C14-Quarantine-Office_cc-scaled-e1744121611609-2048x1560.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-35-91'>\n\t\t\t\tQuarantine-Immigration Office, Cristobal, Canal Zone, 1948.\n\t202800107. National Archives.\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-089088e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"089088e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.archives.gov\/id\/535442\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Quarantine-Immigration Office, Cristobal, Canal Zone<\/em><\/a>, 1948. 202800107. National Archives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a02e17b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a02e17b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bbb4f2\" data-id=\"4bbb4f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f012bb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f012bb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Outreach\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6572c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d6572c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4077373 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4077373\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b6a9b6a\" data-id=\"b6a9b6a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07e663b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07e663b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Outreach <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b98a38 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b98a38\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-176eaa5\" data-id=\"176eaa5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f42666d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f42666d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-918a65f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"918a65f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f94da1c\" data-id=\"f94da1c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1186bd1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1186bd1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2821a05\" data-id=\"2821a05\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15fff32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"15fff32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-36' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"15fff32\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Anti-Tuberculosis Campaign, n.d. 2013.1.282\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6OTIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTUtQW50aXR1YmVyY3Vsb3NhX2VkaXRlZC1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMTVmZmYzMiJ9\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"793\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-1024x793.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A truck from an anti-tuberculosis campaign in the Panama Canal Zone\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-36-92\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-1024x793.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-768x595.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-1536x1189.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Antituberculosa_edited-2048x1585.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-36-92'>\n\t\t\t\tAnti-Tuberculosis Campaign, n.d. 2013.1.282\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2ad7db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c2ad7db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Anti-Tuberculosis Campaign<\/em>, n.d. 2013.1.282<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-559bbb7\" data-id=\"559bbb7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a8ecad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a8ecad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Medical outreach and research within Panama were critical to the health of the community and the collective environment around the Canal. Significant advancements in our understanding of many, particularly tropical, diseases were made through the research community living and working in Panama and the Canal Zone.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a10a32 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a10a32\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b8cce2\" data-id=\"6b8cce2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-df2bcac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df2bcac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b4c3f8\" data-id=\"4b4c3f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-980a059 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"980a059\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Important institutions like the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), the Middle America Research Unit (MARU), and the Gorgas Memorial Laboratory played key roles in numerous medical milestones. Their established residence in the area allowed for long term data collection which is not possible during more traditional, seasonal, or temporary studies. The legacy of the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone in the fields of healthcare and medicine is extensive and ongoing.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1f3102\" data-id=\"e1f3102\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7405c57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"7405c57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-37' class='gallery galleryid-16 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"7405c57\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"A. Gomez and C. Koford at New Office in Canal Zone,  1956-1957. 92-8872. Smithsonian Institution Archives.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6OTMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5kb21haW5zLnVmbGliLnVmbC5lZHVcL1RoZURpZ2dpbmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAzXC9DMTUtU21pdGhzb25pYW4tQmFycm8tQ29sb3JhZG8tc2NhbGVkLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6Ijc0MDVjNTcifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-1024x800.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Two individuals standing in front a building with a sign that reads &quot;Smithsonian Institution, Canal Zone Biological Area Barro Colorado Island&quot;\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-37-93\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-1024x800.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-768x600.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-1536x1201.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/C15-Smithsonian-Barro-Colorado-2048x1601.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-37-93'>\n\t\t\t\tA. Gomez and C. Koford at New Office in Canal Zone, \n1956-1957. 92-8872. Smithsonian Institution Archives.\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60dd9e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60dd9e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.si.edu\/object\/siris_sic_9985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>A. Gomez and C. Koford at New Office in Canal Zone<\/em><\/a>, 1956-1957. 92-8872. Smithsonian Institution Archives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-073cc1a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"073cc1a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e3f9b0\" data-id=\"3e3f9b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fe725e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7fe725e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-caa26db elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"caa26db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d42c8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d42c8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd98baf\" data-id=\"dd98baf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8f6509 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d8f6509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"https:\/\/pcmc.uflib.ufl.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Panama Canal Museum Collection<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c53dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"26c53dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f94e648 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f94e648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"https:\/\/exhibitions.uflib.ufl.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries Exhibition Program, 2022<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262d3c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"262d3c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f7261e4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f7261e4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce102eb\" data-id=\"ce102eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-812b438 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"812b438\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This online exhibit is based on the exhibit of the same name that was on display at the Albert H. Nahmad Panama Canal Gallery from March 26, 2022 to February 28, 2023. Unless otherwise noted, all items are from the Panama Canal Museum Collection, Special &amp; Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"disabled","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16"}],"version-history":[{"count":246,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":404,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16\/revisions\/404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.domains.uflib.ufl.edu\/TheDigging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}